CONFIDENCE ENGLISH ACADEMY by @bdul @lim

6. Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: [JB -2024] “Are you ready to order, sir?” said the waiter. “I would like to have a plain vegetable soup for starter. Then grilled chicken, boiled potatoes, and garlic bread for the main course,” replied the customer. “Anything for dessert?” asked the waiter. “Just a scoop of ice cream, please,” said the customer. 6. Ans : The waiter respectfully asked the customer if he was ready to order. The customer replied that he would like to have a plain vegetable soup for starter. Then he said that he would like to have grilled chicken, boiled potatoes and garlic bread for the main course. The waiter again asked him if he would like to have anything for dessert. The customer politely replied that he would like to have just a scoop of ice cream.

   Drug Addiction A drug is usually used as a medicine to cure disease. But sometimes it is taken by some people as a habit to get amusement or relief from pain. This habit of taking harmful drug is called drug addiction. Drug addiction is a curse of modern civilization' Nowadays, it has become a global problem. Drug addiction has grasped the young generation in our country. The people who take drug cannot stop taking it. There are some reasons behind this addiction. Some take drugs to forget their painful past or present. Some take drugs as a pursuit of pleasure. Some people, at first, take a drug as a fun but afterwards it turns into an addiction for them. The after effects of drug addiction are very harmful and serious. The health of the addicts breaks down. They lose their mental and physical power. They lose their social status and the love of their near and dear ones as well. Everybody dislikes or hates them' Various kinds of diseases attack them. They suffer from amne...

  Environment Pollution The environment refers to the air, water and land in which people, animals, and plants live. So, human beings, animals, plants, air, water and soil are the main elements of the environment. These elements should be sound for our sound living. But when these elements are polluted and their essential balance is disrupted, this phenomenon is known as environmental pollution. Nowadays, almost everywhere, our environment is seriously polluted. In many places in our country the environment has become extremely polluted. We ourselves are responsible for this severe pollution. Clean air is essential for human life, but polluted air is harmful for us. Industries and factories emit huge amount of smoke, gases and fume. Motor vehicles also emit a large amount of smoke and gases. All these pollute air seriously. Water is another important element of our environment. It is essential for life. Like air,  water is also polluted in many ways. It is polluted from the ...

  Load Shedding Nowadays load shedding has become a common word in our country. Load shedding means the shortage of the supply of electricity for the time being. It happens when the production of power is less than the demand. Actually, the concerned authority stops the flow of electricity to some areas for some time to manage the shortage of power generation. Load shedding is almost a daily occurrence in cities, towns, suburbs and villages. It occurs mostly, at night, because the demand of electricity is more than in the daytime. Though power generation has increased significantly, there is hardly any area which is not affected by it. The bad effects of load shedding are beyond description' Shops, factories, hospitals, etc are all affected by it. Industries and mills are paralysed and production is hampered for this. Even operation stops in hospitals for load shedding. Students close their books, sit idle in darkness. They suffer a lot if it occurs in the time of their examinati...

  Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phone Mobile phone is one of the latest inventions of modern science. It is a small cellular phone that can be easily carried with us. It has made our everyday life easy-going and tension free. We can now communicate easily with others through this. As the networks of different mobile operators have covered almost the whole country, we do not have any chance to get lost. Our friends and family members can easily find us even how far we are. Moreover, we can use internet through mobile phone and communicate with others very easily. Nowadays, it is also used as the alternative of computers because there are many kinds of apps in the latest mobile phones which are utilized to perform different types of work like sending and receiving e-mail, using social networks, writing and editing documents, capturing photos etc. Because of its great benefits, the number of mobile phone users is increasing day by day. But every positive thing has some negatives aspects...

  An Ideal Student A student who is sincere to his/her study, cooperative to his/her classmates and obedient to his/her teachers is an ideal student. Actually, he/she is more than these. He/she must possess some certain qualities so that he/she is to be followed by other students. The first and foremost duty of an ideal student is to study hard. He/she should not idle away his/her time. He/she should be punctual, disciplined and industrious. He/she should avoid bad companies. It is also his/her responsibility to help his/her weaker classmates. Heishe should also be cooperative to his/her family. He/she will never be a self-centered person. He/she must engage himself/ herself in different kinds of social activities for the betterment of the society as well as the country. An ideal student does not confine himself/herself to the prescribed books only; rather he/she studies many other reference books to enrich his/her knowledge. He/she never learns his/her lessons by rote. He/she al...

  Street Children in Bangladesh A street child is someone for whom the street has become his/her habitual home and source of livelihood. Besides, these children are inadequately protected, or supervised by responsible adults. Their present condition is very pathetic. They do not go to school; instead they sell things in the streets to earn their livelihood. According to a government data, there were over three million street children in Bangladesh in 2015. These children are particularly vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. The major problems faced by street children in Bangladesh include insecure life, physical and sexual abuse, no or inadequate access to education and healthcare facilities, and lack of employment opportunities. Mass awareness programmes can contribute to changing people's attitude towards street children . In addition, a comprehensive effort form government, non-government organizations and private sectors is required for the development of these children. Alo...

  Human Rights Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings regardless of their nationality, sex, colour, religion, language or any other status. In fact, human rights refer to some moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of human behaviour. Human rights are protected as legal rights in international law. Every person in this world has the right to get food, clothing, shelter, education and medical service. These rights are regarded as basic human rights. In our country, a number of people are deprived of their basic human rights. Our poor children are deprived of food, medical service and education. There are a number of street children who are shelterless. These little kids have to earn money themselves for living. They do it by engaging themselves in many risky jobs. Such type of situation increases child labour. Many of our women folk are deprived of education. They have no right to make any decision or give any opinion about the important issues in ...

  Folk Music Folk music refers to a kind of music originating from the ordinary people of a region or nation and spread about or passed down orally, often with considerable variation. It is ancient in nature. It springs from the heart of a community. It is based on their natural style of expression' It is greatly beyond the rules of classical music and modern popular songs. It is sung by the common people who are not actually trained musicians. The history of folk music co*position can be traced back to the 3rd century BC during the Guptaa dynasty. Generations of rural poets and composers created enormous tradition of Bangla folk music. This music contains a strong emotive expression of human love and separation. In Bangladesh, folk music has a great variety' They are Bhatiyali, Bhawaiya, Baul and spiritual songs, Jarigan, Sarigan, Gambhira, Murshidi, etc. Bangladesh has a good number of musical instruments originally of her own. They are Dotara, Dhol, Bamboo Flute, Mandira,...

  Etiquette and Manners 'Etiquette' and 'manners' are synonymous words' The word 'etiquette' is derived from French language. It means the rules of correct behaviour in society. On the other hand, 'manners' is an English word. It means the behaviour that is considered to be polite in a particular society or culture. In English there is a slight difference between the meanings of the words 'manner' and 'manners'' Manner refers to usual behaviour towards others. It may be good or bad. However, the word 'manners' is the plural form of the word 'manner'. It refers to polite ways of treating people, Speaking with food in one's mouth is socially' considered a bad manner. A bad mannered person has less social acceptance. Everybody dislikes him. The idea of 'etiquette' and 'manners' is not same. It varies from culture to culture and society to society. The best institute of learning 'etiquette...

  Diaspora 'Diaspora' is a term by which we understand those people, who leave their homelands, and settle in other parts of the world. It is either because they are forced to do so or because they willingly leave their homeland. In the history of human civilization, we find numerous events of diaspora. The Jews were the first diasporas in the history of mankind. Their ancestor Abraham was forced to leave Iraq and took shelter in Egypt. In Egypt, he was a diaspora. Then his offspring Jews were forced to leave Egypt and settled themselves in Palestine. There they were diasporas. Later, many of them were forced to leave Palestine during the Islamic era. These Jews became diasporas in Europe and then in America. Coming from the central Europe, the Aryans settled in the Indian sub-continent. Here the Aryans were also diasporas although the cause of their migration is unknown. In the twentieth century, after the World War-II the Jews started gathering in Palestine. With the help o...

  Food Adulteration Any ingredient or substance added to a food item in order to increase its quantity, preserve it for a long time or make it appealing is called an adulterant, This act of addition of adulterants in food items is known as food adulteration. The chief reason for the addition of these adulterants is to increase the profit margin at the cost of the health of the general public or consumers. It is an awful offence committed by the greedy businessmen. Even, in hotels and restaurants, stale and rotten foods are mixed with fresh food and served to the customers. Fishes and vegetables are adulterated by applying chemicals and other preservati'ies in order to make them look fresh. In fact, all kinds of foods and food articles are adulterated by dishonest and greedy businessmen for a quick and larger profit. Adulterants reduce the quality of the foods and damage the health of the consumers. Regular consumption of adulterated foods can lead to vital health problems. Differ...

  The Historic Speech of 7th March The historic 7 th March Speech of Bangabandhu is a speech delivered by the founding father of Bangladesh-Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, at the then Ramna Racecourse ground (now Suhrawardy Udyan) in Dhaka to a gathering of over twenty thousand people on 7 March 197l. It was the core inspiration of our liberation war. During the speech, Bangabandhu declared in a tremenderous voice that "The struggle, this time, is for our freedom; the fight, this time, is for our independence." It was delivered during a period of escalating tensions between East (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan. Pakistani military rulers refused to transfer the power to Bangabandhu, whose party Awami League gained the majority by winning 167 of the 169 seats allotted to East Pakistan and a majority of the 313 seats in the National Assembly in the general election of 1970. The Bangalees were already in destitute due to the economic favoritism practiced by the West Pakistani rulers...

  CORONA VIRUS Corona Virus is a kind of virus that is known to cause illness. It ranges from the common cold to more severe diseases. A novel or new corona virus is called nCoV. The new corona virus is called 2019 nCoV. The most common symptoms are fever, cough, and shortness of breath or breathing difficulties. In more severe cases infection can cause pneumonia or even death. The period within which the symptoms would appear is two to fourteen days. There is no specific treatment for corona virus. Yet symptoms can be treated. No antibiotics work for such virus. People of all ages can be affected by corona virus. Basically old people and pre-existing medical condition patients are vulnerable with this kind of virus. To get rid of this virus we have to be neat and clean. We should wash our hands with soap and water. We must cover our nose and mouth with a tissue while sneezing and coughing. We have to avoid unprotected close contact with anyone flu like symptoms. If we have a fev...

    Bangabandhu Satellite -1 is a dream to the people of Bangladesh. It is now on its way to orbit after its perfect and successful launching. It has made Bangladesh a debut in the global space society. This satellite starts its voyage from the Kennedy Space Centre in Florida, the USA. Thousands of people across the world have witnessed the launching of the satellite. While the satellite has started its journey to the space, people of all ages across the country have started singing the national anthem - 'Amaar Sonar Bangla, Ami Tomay Valobashi'. The iconic slogan - "Joy Bangla, Joy Bangabandhu" is also chanted at places across the country . Bangabandhu-I has also hoisted country's flag and national logo to the space. People have expressed their joy and gratitude to the Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina for setting another example of great success. Bangladesh starts a glorious chapter in the history with the launching of Bangabandhu-1 satellite.   It has become a ...

A postman is a very familiar person in our society. He brings us news from our near and dear ones living in distant places. He is known to all sections of people for his useful services. Even a child can instantly recognize him when he knocks at the door.   A postman is known to us all for his traditional uniform and dress. He usually wears a khaki uniform supplied by the postal department. He always carries a bag on his shoulder containing letters, money orders, parcels, and other postal articles for delivery.   A postman is very punctual, dutiful sincere, honest, and hard-working. The postman performs a lot of duties. His daily work begins in the post office with the sorting of letters, parcels, money orders, etc. Before he goes out on his beat, he collects letters, parcels, money orders, etc. from the post office. The postman in a town goes from house to house to deliver them to the addresses. He generally drops the letters into the private letterboxes. Where there ...

Junk Vs Healthy Food Food is a fundamental part of our life. It is called the fuel of our daily routine. It makes us feel good at every minute of the day. Food plays an important role in staying healthy. Foods can be classified into two types: healthy food and junk food. Healthy food means a kind of food that is fresh and natural. Healthy foods are basically unprocessed. They are low on calories and do not miss out on vital nutrients. Healthy food not only provides us with essential nutrients but also serves us with health incentives. These elements hold a significant role in uplifting our overall physical, mental and emotional well-being. On the other hand junk food is simply an unhealthy food. It has poor nutritional value. Junk food contains very high fat and sugar. Also junk food has preservatives, chemicals, artificial colours and flavours. However, both junk food and healthy food are delicious but junk food is more delicious than healthy food. However, junk food has affected th...

   Change the narrative style by using indirect speeches: [CB -2024] A man, lost in a forest, saw another man and rushed to him and said, "Oh! How happy 1 am to meet you! Unfortunately I have been lost in this forest for four days. Can you help me get out of this forest?" "No, Actually you don't need to be so happy, my friend". replied the another man, "I myself have been lost here for a week." Ans : A man, lost in a forest, saw another man and rushed to him and exclaimed that he was very happy to meet him. He also added that unfortunately he had been lost in that forest for four days. He again asked if he(another man) could help him get out of that forest. The other man replied in the negative and added that he himself had been lost there for a week.